Key Features of Bitcoin:
- Decentralized: No single entity controls Bitcoin; it runs on a global peer-to-peer network.
- Limited Supply: There will only ever be 21 million bitcoins, making it a deflationary asset.
- Secure and Transparent: All transactions are recorded on the blockchain, which is publicly accessible and tamper-resistant.
- Pseudonymous: While transactions are public, the identities behind wallet addresses remain hidden unless voluntarily disclosed.
- Divisible: Each bitcoin can be divided into smaller units called satoshis (1 BTC = 100 million satoshis).
How Does Bitcoin Work?
Bitcoin transactions are verified by network participants called miners who use powerful computers to solve complex puzzles. This process is called proof-of-work and ensures that new bitcoins are created and transactions are securely added to the blockchain.
Uses of Bitcoin:
- Digital payments: Send money internationally quickly and with lower fees compared to banks.
- Store of value: Some people see Bitcoin as “digital gold” that can protect against inflation.
- Investment: Many buy Bitcoin as a speculative asset hoping its price will rise.
Challenges and Criticisms:
- Volatility: Bitcoin’s price can fluctuate wildly.
- Energy consumption: Mining requires significant electricity, raising environmental concerns.
- Regulatory uncertainty: Governments worldwide are still deciding how to regulate cryptocurrencies.
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